Archive 2013 - No 1

Yongu, W.T , Adegbehingbe,O.O

Correspondence to: ADESINA OO Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medical Sciences University of Maiduguri Maiduguri Email: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. .

Background: Training of health workers in the use of Ponseti technique is one of the cardinal strategies in disseminating and sustaining this widely accepted and unique way of treating children born with clubfoot .There is scarcity of data on the impact of such a training workshop on health workers (HW). Objectives: To assess the impact of Ponseti training workshop on the knowledge ,attitude and practice of health workers . Methodology: A cross sectional study using a non-controlled pre and post test design was carried out on participants at the Ponseti Workshop which took place at Ile –Ife Osun State of Nigeria on 20th and 21st November 2012. All the participants that were physically present during the first and last sessions of the workshop were included in the pre and post test respectively. A questionnaire was administered to the group to assess their knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) before the series of lectures. This was repeated the next day after they had completed their lectures and practical demonstrations to assess the impact on them. The questionnaire was Likert scale type. The results of the pre and post test was collated and analysed. For simplicity of analysis, correct answers that the participant agreed or strongly agreed with were scored 1. Any correct answer that was disagreed with or they were not sure, were scored zero. Results: The pre test questionnaire was distributed to 46 participants but only 40 responded. The mean age was 44.5yrs (range 29 - 64yrs). The highest qualification was FWACS, FMCS (orthopaedic Surgeon) 9 (22.5%), medical doctors with only MBBS 3(7.5%), physiotherapist 5(12.5%), Plaster technichian 10 (25%), Orthopaedic nurses 2 (0.5%), occupational therapist 5(12.5%),  O' Level certificate 1 (0.25%), qualification was not indicated in 8 of the respondents. The male to female ratio was 4.6:1. Only 32 participants out of 38 who responded returned the answered questionnaires in the post test. The mean score from the pre test (PT 1) was 66.25% while the mean score for the post test (PT 2 ) was 70.05%. The impact of the workshop on the participant’s knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) was PT 2 minus PT1 which is 3.8 %. Conclusion: The ponseti workshop had a definate impact on the way the participants will be treating their patient with clubfoot henceforth. More regular workshop will be needed to sustain cumulative impact on the health workers in this peculiar way of treating this disease condition..

Adesina O.O

Background: Despitae several interventions, malaria continues to cause significant morbidity and mortality world wide. Objectives: to determine malaria parasitaemia among apparently healthy university students. Methodology: The study was conducted from September 2009 to March 2010 in University of Maiduguri, Borno State. A total of 500 students randomly selected from the residential hostel (public and private hostel) at the university campus were included into the study. the students were both in private and public hostel within the campus. All selected students were undergraduates. Subjects included in the study were those who had not taken malaria medication for at least 3 weeks. Each subject volunteered and gave informed consent through the use of structured questionnaire. Results: The age range was17-28years.The overall prevalence of malaria parasitaemia was 17.4% (80/500) and was similar among students resident in both public (16.8%, 67/400) and private hostel (20.0%, 20/100) (p=0.58). However, the prevalence was significantly higher in age group 17-19yrs resident in public hostels (43.3%, 26/60) than those resident in private hostels (25.0%, 10/40) (p=0.007) Conclusion: Prophylaxis for malaria in such settings would be an efficient means of preventing symptomatic malaria.
 

AO Olaleye, Suleiman IK, S Solomon

Background: This is a retrospective study of the pattern of dental treatment given in a Teaching Hospital in North Eastern region of Nigeria within a period of three years coinciding with the establishment of the Dental school culminating in the departmentalization of the Dental Clinic into different specialties. Objectives: To document the pattern of dental treatments. Materials and Method: This is a retrospective study of dental records of patients attending the dental clinic of a Teaching Hospital. Some criteria were set to determine regular attendees and these were recalled for clinical examination. Result:  More males (52.6%) sought treatment than female as (47.4%), while surgical related procedures (55.3%) were more frequently carried out than restorative (34.5%) and periodontal related procedure (9.2%). Females had more restorative treatment (62.3%) than males (37.7%) periodontal related procedures was 9.2% of all treatment given with male preponderance (61.8%). Caries was the major cause of all treatment given (64.4%) while periodontal related causes was 17.3%. Conclusion: Number of males seeking dental treatment was more than females and so was the treatment given; however, more females tend to seek for restorative care than their male counterparts. Less females underwent surgical procedures as they may prefer restorative procedures than males. More extractions were carried out so there is the need for government’s intervention in oral health policy of the state and Nigeria.

Saidu SA, Makusidi AM, Njoku CH

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis has become a major public health concern particularly with the global HIV and AIDS epidemic. Recent report has shown that the disease affect mainly young adult in their most productive age with attendant socio-economic impact on the nation. Although sputum bacteriology, is the gold standard for the diagnosis of PTB, chest radiology is a valuable tool for its investigation and management. Objectives: To determine pattern of chest radiographic findings in the sputum positive pulmonary tuberculosis. Methode: A two year prospective study was under taken between January, 2010 and December, 2011 among treatment naive sputum smear positive PTB patients who had chest radiograph at diagnosis. The soci-demographic and clinical features were recorded. The chest radiographs were reported by radiologist and the data was analyzed using SPSS version 11. Results: One hundred and six consecutive PTB patients who had chest radiograph were studied. Their age range was 20-75years with mean (SD) of 37.1 (±10.3) years. There were 78 males (73.6%) with males to female ration of 1.4:1. Significant proportions (54%) were of low socio-economic status and 52% were HIV positive. The commonest presenting radiological features were patchy/streaky opacities and cavitatory lesion. Eight had pleural effusion while lungs collapse was found in 4 patients. Bilateral involvement of the lung fields was commoner (68.3%) and upper lobe disease was the commonest finding. Conclusion: Patchy/streaky opacities and cavitatory lesions were the commonest radiographic feature in our study. Bilateral and upper lobe affectation were predominant. Chest radiograph remains a useful tool in the diagnosis and subsequent management of PTB.

Umaru Inuwa, Babagana Bako, Abdulkarim G. Mairiga, Ado Danazumi Geidam

Background: Evidence suggests that coital trauma is a common occurrence in the society but grossly underreported as most of the injuries are minor and self limiting. Objective: To document the pattern of coital trauma. Method: This was a retrospective descriptive study of cases of coital trauma seen at the unversity of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital (UMTH) over a period of 20 years (1990 - 2009). Result: The incidence of coital trauma in this study was 0.34% of the total gynaecological patients seen within the period. The mean age was 19.88+6.75, 45.8% of them were teenagers and 16.7% were prepubertal girls. Alleged rape was the commonest aetiological factor seen in 13 (54.2%) of the patients while in 6/24 (25.0%) of the cases no obvious cause was detected. Injury occurred at coitachy in 16/24 (66.7%) of the patients and in 58.3% of them the sexual intercourse was non consensual. The commonest site of coital injury was the lower vagina 13/24 (54.2%) and 8/24 (33.3%) had laceration on the posterior fornix. A patient presented in shock and another with a rectovaginal fistula. Conclusion: Coital injury in the society is not an uncommon occurrence but seldom reported and still poses a great challenge as regards to its prevention. Sex education, counseling and enforcement of stringent penalties to the perpetuators of rape will go a long way in reducing its occurrence.

Goni BW, Yusuph H, Abja UMA, Bukar AA, Bakki B, Kida IM, Talle AM, Sahabi AM

BACKGROUND: Voluntary blood donation is an important component of medical therapy. Many avoidable death have occurred because blood or blood products needed to save these lives were not available. the need for blood keeps on increasing as reflected by increasing rate of road traffic accidents, complications of pregnancy and and child birth, various anemia and surgical emergency. . OBJECTIVE: To document views on blood donation. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study in which 80 structured questionnaires were administered to respondents. RESULTS: The study population comprise of 61 (76%) males and 19 (24%) females. The findings revealed that majority of respondents (57.5%) had enlightenment about blood donation; however only 28.7% had donated blood in the past. Most respondents (42.6%) never donated blood in the past due to the following reasons; 34(42.5%) not called to do so, lack of awareness about voluntary blood donation 9 (11.3%), fear of HIV screening 6 (7.5%), poor nutrition 4 (5.0%), ill-health 3(3.8%) as well as cultural and religious taboos 6(7.5%) against voluntary blood donation. Most respondents (61.17%) said that they could only donate blood either on an emergency basis or to a close relative/friend if compelled to do so. A substantial proportion of respondents (77.5%) were aware of infections that are aquired through blood transfusion such as HIV (38.6%) and Hepatitis B and C viruses (~26%). CONCLUSION: Although voluntary blood donation is an important component of medical therapy, very few respondents in the study had ever donated blood in the past and majority would consent to free blood donation only in case of emergency or as family replacement.

Ibrahim A G, Hamid I, Waziri A M

Background:  Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction is defined as narrowing or kinking of the junction between the ureter and the renal pelvis, that is associated with symptoms and or complications. It can result from a congenital narrowing or external compression by abberant vessel, fibrous band or peri-ureteric fibrosis. The obstruction however may be due to impacted stone. It can be unilateral or bilateral and associated with complications ranging from pyelonephritis, nephrolithiasis and impaired renal function. Surgical procedures for treating this condition include minimally invasive techniques like laparoscopic pyeloplasty and open pyeloplasty. Objective: To determine the clinical presentation and outcome of pelvi-ureteric junction (PUJ). Materials and Method: We retrospectively reviewd all patients that were managed as pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction in UNiversity of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital between January 2006 to December 2011. Information was obtained from clinical records and laboratory results. Data was analysed using PASW statistic18. Results: A total of 73-patients were analysed. Fifty-four of the patients were males and 19 females, ratio of 3:1, age ranged from 15months-55yrs, mean of 26.77±12.78. The peak age is 20-29(35.62%), with over 70% of the patients presenting within the age of 10 - 39 years. The cardinal feature were loin pain, loin tenderness, fever, and nausea/vomitting occuring in, 63(86.30%), 42(57.53%), 37(50.68%), and 28(38.36%) patients respectively. Associated co-morbidities were diabetis in 6 patients (8.22%), hypertension in 3 (4.11%), HIV in 4 (5.48%) and asthma in 1(1.37%) Conclusion: Pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction is common in this environment but patients present late with complications. Therefore early diagnosis and prompt treatment is necessary for good outcome.

Yongu W.T , Isa N, Akinniyi 0.T

Myositis ossificans progressiva is a rare, progressively destructive, inheritable musculos-skeletal disorder characterized by massive crippiling heterotopic ossification from diffused fibroblast proliferation. A patient is reported here to show some of the symptoms of this disease entity so as to facilitate
early diagnosis by clinicians

Kura M, Ibrahim AG, Yunusa KZ, Hamid I

Fournier’s gangrene is primarily a disease of adults, though increasingly being seen in all ages. This is a report of our experience in the management of a patient presenting with Fournier’s gangrene in the neonatal period. The predisposing condition was infective dermatitis from omphalmitis. The patient had debridement and wound healed by secondary intention. The outcome of treatment of Fournier’s gangrene in children secondary to opthalmitis/infective dermatitis is good..